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Acacia salicina is a thornless species of Acacia native to Australia.
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Acacia salicina is a thornless species of Acacia native to Australia. It is a large shrub or small evergreen tree growing up to 13.7 m tall. It is a fast grower, dropping lots of leaf litter, with a life span of about 10–50 years. In its native range, A. salicina flowers from February to June. In the Northern Hemisphere, A. salicina flowers primarily from October to January and the seed pods are often visible from April to July. The tree's seeds are shiny, black and have a crimson appendage-like aril. A. salicina is "closely related" to Acacia ligulata and Acacia bivenosa.
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Acacia salicina is an erect or spreading shrub or tree 3–10 metres high, sometimes to 20 m, which often suckers freely. The bark is finely fissured and brownish. The branchlets are pendent, angled or flattened towards the apices, and glabrous. The phyllodes are pendent, narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblanceolate, straight or slightly curved, usually 5–16.5 cm long and 5–12 mm wide and glabrous. The phyllodes have a prominent midvein and are penniveined with a mucro at the apex. They have 2–5 small glands along the margin and the pulvinus is 1–3 mm long. There are usually 1-8 inflorescences in an axillary raceme with axis 0.5–6 cm long. The peduncles are 4–15 mm long and glabrous. The flower heads are globose, 15–30-flowered, 7–10 mm in diameter, and pale yellow to white. The seed pods are straight or slightly curved, roughly flat, straight-sided to irregularly constricted between the seeds, 3–12 cm long and 7–13 mm wide. They are woody and slightly longitudinally wrinkled when dry. The seeds are longitudinal and glabrous. The funicle is expanded with 2–4 folds towards the seed, and scarlet to orange.
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Erosion management: Acacia salicina can be used to help stabilize riverbanks and other areas. Fodder: The tree's foliage and seed pods are important fodder for livestock during dry periods, since the tree can withstand drought quite well. Its foliage and pods compare quite poorly to other fodders with regard to digestibility by livestock. This affects its available nutritional value. The 1889 book The Useful Native Plants of Australia records that "The leaves are eaten by stock. This is another tree which is rapidly becoming scarce, owing to the partiality of stock to it." Food: The seeds are edible. Landscaping: A. salicina is excellent for landscaping in dry areas. Tannin: The bark has a high tannin content. Wood: The wood is very hard and it is used in making fine furniture. At one time, the tree's wood was used in the manufacture of axles for wagon wheels. A. salicina's wood burns well and makes good fuel. Its calorific content is 18900kJ/kg dry mass. The tree produces seed and timber for woodworking in as little as five years after planting. Other uses: The bark has been traditionally put to use by Indigenous Australians as a toxin for fishing. The leaves of A. salicina are thought to be psychoactive, since indigenous Australians "burn its leaves and smoke the ash to obtain a state of inebriation."
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