Pflanzenwissen · Art
Description Geophytic herb, caulescent, sympodial.
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Description Geophytic herb, caulescent, sympodial. Roots 1.4 – 1.6 mm wide, up to 7 cm long; tuberoid ca 3.6 × 1.7 cm, elipsoid. Stem 47 – 62 cm long including the inflorescence, 3.5 – 6.0 mm wide, erect. Leaves 4 – 6, spirally-alternate, lanceolate, membranaceous, the largest concentrated in the middle of the stem, 10 – 18 × 1.8 – 3 cm, reducing towards the apex of the stem, base sheathing, sheath closed, blade patent, apex acute. Inflorescence 10 – 13 cm long, spiral, 0.7 – 1.2 flowers / cm of the rachis; floral bracts 14 – 36 mm long, about the same size as the pedicellate ovary, decreasing in size towards the inflorescence apex, green, ovate to lanceolate, apex acuminate. Flowers 8 – 14, resupinate, green, glabrous; pedicellate ovary 19 – 25 mm long, mostly straight, more or less parallel to the rachis axis or ascending, apex curved; ovary 15 – 19 mm long, pedicel 5 – 6 mm long. Sepals green, margin smooth; dorsal sepal 8.0 – 9.0 × 6.0 mm, concave, ovate when flattened, apex mucronate; lateral sepals 10.0 – 11.0 × 4.0 mm, abaxially concave, obliquely lanceo-ovate, patent, the distal third reflexed, apex mucronate. Corolla light green. Petals bipartite; posterior segment 8.0 – 10.0 × 1.6 – 2.0 mm, narrowly triangular, falcate, apex acute, free from the dorsal sepal to connivent; anterior segment 8.0 – 9.0 mm long, 0.9 – 1.2 times as long as the posterior segment, filiform, inserted at the base of the posterior segment. Labellum tripartite; undivided basal part 1.3 – 2.2 × 2.5 – 3.0 mm; lateral segments 9 – 10 × 0.8 – 1.0 mm, 0.9 – 1.0 times as long as the median segment, reflexed; median segment 10 – 11 × 1.3 – 1.5 mm, linear, straight; spur 16.0 – 19.0 × 1.6 – 2.0 mm, 0.8 – 0.9 times as long as the pedicellate ovary, deflexed, parallel to the pedicellate ovary, apex covered by the bract, linear to slightly clavate, green. Gynostemium ca 3.3 mm high, erect; connective light green, apex emarginate; lateral appendages (auricles) 2.2 – 2.4 × 0.6 mm, fleshy, verrucose, erect, translucent. Anther 1.6 – 1.7 × 1.3 mm, bilocular, loculi parallel, translucent; canals parallel, projected forward, more or less perpendicular to the loculi; pollinaria 2, separate; caudicles 1.2 mm long, filiform, pale yellow; pollinia 4, 1.2 × 0.7 mm, elliptical, yellow; viscidia 0.4 × 0.3 mm, ellipsoidal, whitish, 1.0 mm apart from each other. Stigmatophores (stigma lobes) 2, ca 1.8 mm long, parallel, light green, receptive surface 0.7 mm long, convex, mostly turned frontwards, 0.5 mm wide each. Rostellum ca 2.7 mm long; mid lobe ca 1.2 mm high, triangular, erect, held between the anther loculi, fleshy, translucent, apex light green, acute; side-lobes 1.1 mm long, parallel throughout.
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Vorkommen (Status unklar)
Brazil Southeast
Distribution and conservation assessment Habenaria karstica sp. nov. is so far known from a single limestone outcrop called Lapa do Baú in the municipality of Pedro Leopoldo, in the State of Minas Gerais. This population is restricted to a small massif area, and in December 2020, we observed only about 15 individuals with growing inflorescences. The place is a private property inserted in a conservation unit of sustainable use (APA Carste de Lagoa Santa), and although the surrounding area has been completely converted to cultivated land and pasture, the massif is relatively preserved. However, there is an intense limestone mining activity in the region, and several outcrops have been destroyed (de Deus et al. 2013). According to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria and the guidelines (IUCN 2012, 2016), the species can tentatively be classified as Critically Endangered (CR), due to its small area of occupancy, estimated to be 4 km 2, and the fact that it is known from a single small population [B 1 ab (iii) + 2 ab (iii); D].
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urn: lsid: ipni. org: names: 77299816 - 1 Figs 3 – 4
Ecology and phenology Habenaria karstica sp. nov. grows in limestone outcrops, under full sun, in soil patches accumulated at the base of Dyckia luxor (L. B. Sm. & Read) Forzza, which forms large colonies on the rock, or in small pockets of earth between rocks (Fig. 3). The plants begin to grow in late November and early December, at the beginning of the rainy season and bloom from mid-December to January. Several species of orchids also occur on the same limestone outcrop, but only Cyrtopodium glutiniferum grows under the same conditions. However, this species is much stouter and forms large clumps with exposed, fusiform pseudobulbs up to 90 cm in length (Batista & Bianchetti 2021). Other species such as Cattleya cernua (Lindl.) Van den Berg, C. lundii (Rchb. f. & Warm.) Van den Berg, Campylocentrum neglectum (Rchb. f. & Warm.) Cogn., Myoxanthus lonchophyllus (Barb. Rodr.) Luer, and Trichocentrum pumilum (Lindl.) M. W. Chase & N. H. Williams occur on the same outcrop, but all are epiphytes and grow on isolated trees or in the forests surrounding the rock massif.