Pflanzenwissen · Art
Description: — Monoecious terrestrial perennial herbs, ca.
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Description: — Monoecious terrestrial perennial herbs, ca. 9 cm tall. Underground rhizome is brown to green with a shade of light brown, prostrate, terete, short, stout, about 8 cm long, 6.7 – 7.2 mm thick, glabrous, associated few lenticels, internode 8.3 – 11.1 mm long. Stipules persistent, membranous, red or light pink to light brown, ovatetriangular, asymmetric, cucullate, 11.45 – 14.14 mm long, broadside 7.2 – 8.2 mm wide, narrow side 4.0 – 4.5 mm wide, prominently keeled at base to apex, keel with long red hairs on the abaxial part, 11.3 – 13.2 mm long, extending up to the apex, margin entire, conduplicate at the upper part, apex acute to acuminate. Leaves alternate, petioles are light brown, terete, erect, 4.7 – 5.1 mm thick at base, becoming narrow 3.5 – 3.8 mm at the middle, and 2.4 – 3.1 mm at tip, entirely glabrous. Leaf blades pale to dark green, glossy above, whitish-green below, minutely puncticulate, coriaceus, surface glabrous, broadly asymmetric broadly ovate, 7.8 – 9.5 cm from point of attachment towards the tip, up to 10.4 – 13 cm from the longest basal lobe to the apex by 6.5 – 7 cm at widest point, base inequilateral cordate, margin repand or repand-lobed to sharply toothed, apex acuminate. Young foliage light-brown to light pink on adaxial and abaxial side, glossy, suborbicular with prominent venation below, margin strongly curved forming deeply-crenate lobes with light-pink outline, succulent and glabrous. Venation basally, 5 – 8 nerves, divided into 2 secondary veins, with reticulate tertiary veins arrangement, all veins prominent above, only primary veins below raised near the petioles becoming sunken towards the margin. Bracts caducous. Inflorescence axillary, erect, dichotomously branched 3 or 4 times; pedicel white; peduncle light brown to green towards the tip, terete, ca. 8 – 11 cm long, glabrous; bracteoles caducous on old branches, present on young ones, ovate, 3 – 5 nerved, margin entire, apex subobtuse, glabrous. Staminate flower: pedicel 9.1 – 9.2 × 0.8 – 0.9 mm, terete, erect to slightly curve at top, glabrous, outer 2 broadly ovate or orbicular-ovate, 8.2 – 9 (– 10) × 8.0 – 8.3 (– 8.8) mm, margin entire, rounded at apex, inner 2 oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, 7.1 – 7.5 (– 8.4) × 2.5 – 4.4 (– 4.5) mm, margin entire, apex rounded to slightly retuse; androecium actinomorphic, 3.0 – 3.6 mm wide, stamens 47 – 53, filaments 0.8 – 1.0 × 0.07 – 0.1 mm, joined at base; anthers yellow, obovoid, 0.8 – 0.9 × 0.6 – 0.8 mm, retuse at apex. Pistillate flower: pedicel white, erect, 7.5 – 7.7 × 0.7 – 1.1 mm; tepals 4, white, glabrous, outer 2, broadly ovate or orbicular-ovate, 10.3 – 11.3 × 9.2 – 9.9 mm, margin entire, apex rounded, inner 2, oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, 8.9 – 9.2 × 2.6 – 2.7 mm, margin entire, apex rounded; ovary pinkish-white, trigonose-obovate, 6.4 – 7.1 × 4.1 – 4.6 mm (excluding wings), glabrous, base and apex somewhat acute; 3 - winged, greenish-white, wings unequal, crescent-shaped with entire margin, 9.4 – 10.6 mm long, abaxial wings much wider, 2.8 – 5.5 mm than lateral wings, 2.8 – 3.9 mm wide; 3 - locules, placentae axile; styles 3, united at base, light green, stigmas 2 - cleft, twisted, papillose and yellow green. Capsules brown, pedicel 15.6 mm long, curved downward; body trigonous-oblong, green, 7.4 – 9.9 × 3.5 – 4.0 mm (wings excluded), slightly curved, base and apex acute, glabrous, wings unequal 8.6 – 9.7 mm long, crescent-shaped, abaxial wing broader, 3.3 – 5.5 mm wide, lateral wings 2.8 – 3.9 mm wide.
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Vorkommen (Status unklar)
Philippinen
Distribution and Ecology: — Begonia normaaguilariae is known only from the type locality, Samar Island Natural Park, Municipality of Paranas, Samar Island. It was observed to grow under shaded and moist environments. Furthermore, it was recorded to thrive along the trail on soil but more prominently on limestone rock crevices. The fibrous roots are covered with dried forest litter.
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Nächster Schritt
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Conservation status: — This new species, thus far, is found only in a single locality. During the botanical inventory conducted last March 2016, only 2 mature individuals were noted within the two 10 × 10 m quadrats in a 0.5 km transect line and with less than 30 flowering and fruiting individuals observed outside the sampling area (D. N. T. pers. observ.). Following the Red List criteria of the IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2019), very small population size of <50 individuals, restricted area of occupancy of <10 km 2, few locations, and restricted distribution to forests over limestone, Begonia normaaguilariae is hereby proposed as Critically Endangered. Although the area is protected under Proclamation No. 442. 2003, pursuant to the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act of 1992, habitat disturbance as a result of anthropogenic activities such as clearing of pathways for tourism among others, places this species at a very high risk. Such activities will have a negative impact leading to a decline in its population.
Phenology: — This new species was observed to bear flowers and fruits in March to October.