Quercus palmeri

Quercus palmeri is a species of oak known by the common name Palmer oak, or Palmer's oak. It is native to California, Baja California, Southern Nevada, and in Arizona through the transition zone to the eastern Mogollon Rim, where it grows in canyons, mountain slopes, washes, and other dry habitats.

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Quercus palmeri is a shrub or small tree growing 2–6 m (6 ft 7 in – 19 ft 8 in) in height. It branches into angular twigs and is reddish brown. The leaves are 1 to 3 centimetres (3⁄8 to 1+1⁄8 inches) in length. They are stiff, leathery, and brittle, their edges wavy with sharp spine-teeth. The upper surface is shiny, waxy, and olive green in color, the lower gray-green and coated with glandular hairs. The fruit is an acorn with a hairy cap up to 2.5 cm (1 in) wide and a blunt-ended nut 2 to 3 cm (3⁄4 to 1+1⁄4 in) long. Quercus palmeri usually grows in small populations, some of which are actually all clones of a single plant. One such clone in the Jurupa Mountains in Riverside County, California, named the Jurupa Oak, was determined to be over 13,000 years old, a single individual living as a relict from the Pleistocene. It is therefore one of the oldest living plants in the world.