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Rubus ursinus is a North American species of blackberry or dewberry, known by the common names California blackberry, California dewberry, Douglas berry, Pacific blackberry, Pacific dewberry and trailing blackberry.
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Rubus ursinus is a North American species of blackberry or dewberry, known by the common names California blackberry, California dewberry, Douglas berry, Pacific blackberry, Pacific dewberry and trailing blackberry.
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Rubus ursinus is a wide, mounding shrub or vine, growing to 0.6–1.5 metres (2–5 feet) tall and more than 1.8 m (6 ft) wide. The prickly branches can take root if they touch soil, thus enabling the plant to spread vegetatively and form larger clonal colonies. The deciduous leaves usually have 3 leaflets but sometimes 5 or only 1. The plant is dioecious, with male and female plants on separate plants, also unusual for the genus. As with other Rubus species, the canes are typically vegetative the first year and reproductive in the second. The fragrant flowers are white, with narrower petals than most related species. The sweet, very aromatic fruits are dark purple, dark red, or black and up to 2 centimetres (3⁄4 inch) long. Illustration of leaves Flower and buds Flowers Close-up of flower Prickly stems and older leaves Berries
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California
The plant is native to western North America, found mainly in British Columbia (Canada); California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, and Washington (Western U.S.); and Baja California state (Mexico).
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Rubus macropetalus Douglas, Rubus ursinus subsp. macropetalus (Douglas ex Hook.) Taylor & Mac Bryde, Rubus ursinus var. macropetalus (Douglas ex Hook.) S.W.Br.
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Diverse wildlife eat the berries, including songbirds, deer, bear, and other large and small mammals. It is of notable pollinator and nesting material value for native bee and bumblebee species. This blackberry species is a larval food source for Papilio rutulus (the western tiger swallowtail butterfly), Nymphalis antiopa (the mourning cloak butterfly), Strymon melinus (the gray hairstreak butterfly), and Celastrina ladon (the spring azure butterfly).
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Subspecies and varieties Current or recent subspecies and varieties include: Rubus ursinus subsp. macropetalus — all of distribution range Rubus ursinus subsp. ursinus — California and Oregon Rubus ursinus var. sirbenus — endemic to California Rubus ursinus var. ursinus — California and Oregon Cultivars A cultivar of this species named the 'Aughinbaugh' blackberry was a parent of the loganberry. R. ursinus is also a second-generation parent of the boysenberry and the marionberry, or 'Marion' blackberry. 'Wild Treasure' has the fruit size and flavor of the wild species, but without prickles, and the berries are machine harvestable. It was released by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service in 2010, and is a hybrid between a selection of R. ursinus and 'Waldo' (another cultivar that is a second-generation descendant of the marionberry that has no prickles). Etymology The name is from rubus for "bramble" and ursinus for "bear".
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Wikipedia-Autoren · CC BY-SA · Quelle