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Rubus pensilvanicus, known commonly as Pennsylvania blackberry, is a species of prickly bramble.
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Rubus pensilvanicus, known commonly as Pennsylvania blackberry, is a species of prickly bramble. The perennial shrub grows up to 2.4 metres (8 ft) tall. The leaves have up to seven leaflets. The flowers are white with large petals, borne in mid-spring to summer.
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Rubus pensilvanicus is a perennial bramble growing up to 2.4 metres (8 ft) tall. The canes are green at first but then turn dark red, usually ridged, with copious sharp prickles. The bark of the mature plant is thin and smooth, while the twigs exhibit a winter coloration in shades of brown or gray. The winter buds are characterized by three or more scales, overlapping like shingles, with one edge covered and the other exposed. The leaves are palmately compound and usually composed of two to seven discrete leaflets. Along the stem, there is a single leaf per node. The leaf blade edges are serrated, featuring distinct teeth. In terms of leaf duration, the leaves either drop off during winter or wither but persist on the plant. Notably, the plant is armed with spines, prickles, or thorns. The dimensions of the leaf blade range from 11 to 22 centimetres (4+1⁄2 to 8+1⁄2 in) in both length and width. Each leaf possesses a leaf stalk. The flowers are white with large petals, borne in mid-spring to summer. This particular species is hermaphroditic, possessing both male and female reproductive organs, with pollination primarily facilitated by insects. The fruits are large aggregates of 10–100 black drupelets that are black to purple in color and fleshy in texture.
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The edible fruits are somewhat sweet and often used for jams and jellies. These blackberries can be used for inks or for dyeing cloths, which is not a new practice. Blackberries are also a good source of nutrients and are eaten dried by Native Americans.[citation needed] The roots of R. pensilvanicus have historically been used to create a tea used to treat cold symptoms and cure dysentery.
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Phragmidium violaceum is a rust fungus that can infect Rubus pensilvanicus. This fungus is from France and was first reported to infect R. pensilvanicus in 2005. Thorny canes deter humans and some animals from trampling through it. The leaves serve as a browse for white-tailed deer. This bramble is year-round exceptional cover for wildlife. The fruits are an important resource for songbirds, small mammals, foxes, raccoons, and even black bears. As winter arrives, birds and small mammals eat the seeds left behind from decomposed fruit. The flowers attract butterflies and various other pollinators.
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Rubus pensilvanicus is also known as Rubus abactus a synonym. In 1804 R. pensilvanicus was described by Jean Louis Marie Poiret in Encyclopedie Methodique: Botanique. Some common names include: Blackberry, Dewberry, Pennsylvania Blackberry. The genetics of Rubus are extremely complex, making it difficult to separate the group into species. What some authors lump together as R. pensilvanicus, other authors split into as many as 50 or 60 species. Etymology The name "pensilvanicus" alludes to a strong presence in the Keystone State, Pennsylvania.[citation needed]
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