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Castilleja halophila, commonly known as salt prairie paintbrush or Texas seaside paintbrush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae.
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Castilleja halophila, commonly known as salt prairie paintbrush or Texas seaside paintbrush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae. It is endemic to coastal Texas, where it occurs on barrier islands in specialized saline habitats.
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Castilleja halophila is a hemiparasitic herbaceous plant characterized by a relatively strict, often unbranched growth habit, typically reaching 45–74 cm in height. The inflorescences bear pale to white bracts, sometimes tinged with pink, surrounding inconspicuous flowers. Like other species of Castilleja, it obtains water and nutrients in part from host plants, particularly salt-tolerant species of Iva.
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Castilleja halophila is a hemiparasitic annual that relies on host plants for part of its nutrient and water uptake, particularly species of Iva adapted to saline environments. It is tolerant of hypersaline soils but appears unable to compete with related species such as Castilleja indivisa in less saline habitats.
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The species was described by J.R. Singhurst, J.M. Egger, J.N. Mink, and W.C. Holmes in 2020 in Phytologia (volume 102, issue 3, page 209), published 21 September 2020. It is recognized as a distinct species with no widely accepted synonyms. The species is considered a local derivative of Castilleja indivisa and differs in its earlier flowering period, pale bract coloration, and restriction to saline habitats, with the two species largely parapatric in distribution. Etymology The specific epithet halophila is derived from Greek, meaning “salt-loving,” in reference to the species’ occurrence in hypersaline coastal environments.
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