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Grevillea aquifolium is a shrubby or scrambling plant endemic to South Australia and Victoria.
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Grevillea aquifolium is a shrubby or scrambling plant endemic to South Australia and Victoria. Common names include holly grevillea, prickly grevillea or variable prickly grevillea. It occurs naturally in woodland, open forest and heathland.
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The species displays a high level of plasticity in its leaves, habit, and habitat preferences across its natural range. The height of the shrubby forms usually ranges between 1 and 2 metres (3 ft 3 in and 6 ft 7 in) but can reach 4 metres 4 metres (13 ft) in some populations, while prostrate forms are also observed in their natural distribution, sometimes growing among shrubby forms. The flowers occur in terminal one-sided racemes, typical of what are commonly referred to as "toothbrush" grevilleas. They are red or occasionally yellowish-green. Flowering in South Australia is recorded as being between November and March, while in the Grampians in Victoria it extends from September to April. The foliage is usually lobed with sharp points on the lobes but some populations have leaves with nearly entire leaf margins.
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Grevillea aquifolium var. attenuata Meisn., Grevillea aquifolium var. truncata Meisn., Grevillea induta F.Muell., Grevillea variabilis Lindl., Hakea aquifolium (Lindl.) Christenh. & Byng
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Birds are thought to be the primary pollinators of the species, though bees and ants may also have a role.
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The species was formally described in 1838 by English botanist John Lindley in Three Expeditions into the Interior of Eastern Australia based on plant material collected from Mount William in the Grampians by Thomas Mitchell. Mitchell commented that the species was "a remarkable kind with leaves like those of a European holly, but downy". The specific epithet (aquifolium) is a reference to the common European holly, Ilex aquifolium.
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Global, South Australia, Victoria