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Sterculia apetala, the Panama tree, is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae.
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Sterculia apetala var. elata
Sterculia apetala var. elata (Ducke) E.L.Taylor ex Brako & ZarucchiMarktplatz
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Belege
Chichaea acerifolia (A.Cunn. ex G.Don) C.Presl, Clompanus apetala (Jacq.) Kuntze, Clompanus chicha (A.St.-Hil.) Kuntze,
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Sterculia apetala, the Panama tree, is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae. It is found in Florida, southern Mexico, Central America, and northern South America, and has been introduced to the Caribbean islands. Sterculia apetala is recognized as the national tree of the Republic of Panama.
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Sterculia apetala is perennial and deciduous. Trunks are straight, cylindrical, and have large buttresses at the base. Height ranges from 20 to 40 meters (66 to 131 ft). Leaves are alternate, palmate with five lobes, and cluster densely at the end of branches. Including the petiole, leaf length ranges from 15 to 50 centimeters (5.9 to 20 in). Flowers are purple and yellow, and have five sepals. S. apetala flowers have no petals; structures that resemble them are in fact sepals. Flower diameter ranges between 2.5–3.5 centimeters (0.98–1.4 in). These flowers are unisexual, meaning there are distinct male and female individuals used for reproduction. Fruit are compounds of up to five follicles, stemming from peduncles that can reach as long as 30 centimeters (12 in). Inside the follicles are seeds, as well as orange urticating hairs that may cause pain when touched. Naturally, the tree typically flowers and bears fruit between December and March. Seeds are black ellipsoids, typically with the dimensions 2.5 cm × 1.5 cm (0.98 in × 0.59 in). These seeds contain sterculic acid and malvalic acid, two types of cyclopropene fatty acids. Antioxidant compounds can be obtained from the seeds via continuous or batch extractions using water or ethanol as solvents.
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Wood from Sterculia apetala is used to produce cases, crates, industrial and domestic woodware, canoes, and tool handles. The tree is often grown for shade, resulting from its large leaves. In some regions, seeds are consumed after being boiled or roasted, used to flavor chocolate, or given to animals as fodder. The flowers are used as antitussive.
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Heimisch
Brasilien, Kolumbien, Parque Nacional Natural Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona, Parque Nacional Natural Sierra de la Macarena, Parque Nacional Natural Tinigua, Amazonia colombiana: sur del departamento del Vichada; el suroriente del Meta; todo el territorio de los departamentos de Amazonas, Caquetá, Guainía, Guaviare, Putumayo y Vaupés; la Bota Caucana; y las vertientes amazónicas de Nariño (la parte alta de los ríos Guamuez, Sucio, San Miguel y Aguarico)
Eingeführt
Kuba, Guatemala, Honduras, Indien, Montserrat, Trinidad und Tobago, Hawaii
Weitere
Kolumbien (Cuenca río Totare: Municipio de Piedras), Kolumbien (Putumayo, municipio de Mocoa, Vereda San Carlos, Centro Experimental Amazónico CEA, Corpoamazonia.), Vereinigte Staaten (Hawaii), Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Florida, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest
Nicaragua, Atlántico: Vereda Luriza (Distrito de Manejo Integrado Luriza), Hacienda Río Dulce y La Gloria (Parque Natural Regional Los Rosales), Finca El Palomar, Bolívar: Hacienda El Ceibal, Hacienda Rancho Grande, Peru, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuelan Antilles, Venezuela, Panama, Complejo Humedales Hato Corozal. Cienaga Zapatosa, Amazonas, Antioquia, Atlántico, Bolívar, Casanare, Cesar, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Putumayo, Santander, Sucre, Valle del Cauca, Subregiones: Cordillera occidental, Norte, Barrancas, Distracción, Hatonuevo, Luruaco, Piojó, Riohacha, Núcleo Aceites S.A., Barichara, Barrancabermeja, Bucaramanga, Lebrija, Piedecuesta, Global, Belize, Bolivien, Brazil North, Brazil West-Central, Kolumbien
Sterculia apetala is found in the tropical regions of Florida, Mexico, Central America, Trinidad and Tobago, Bolivia, northern Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela (including the Venezuelan Antilles).
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